One of the most powerful aspects of Bloom’s Taxonomy is the ability to ask engaging, interactive questions that offer immediate, actionable insights—allowing educators to create highly participatory learning environments that align perfectly with Top Hat’s mission. Bloom’s Taxonomy is often integrated into educational programs to enhance curriculum design.
If you’re new to Bloom’s Taxonomy, here’s what you need to know: it consists of hierarchical levels (normally arranged in a pyramid) that build on each other and progress towards higher-order thinking skills. These are known as the levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy and are often visually represented in the Bloom’s Taxonomy pyramid. The taxonomy is organized to facilitate progression from basic to advanced skills. Each level contains verbs, such as “demonstrate” or “design,” that can be measured to gain greater insight into student learning. Each level also has a clear definition, helping educators understand the specific cognitive processes involved. For example, the elements of each level—such as the elements of knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation—define the skills and tasks associated with that stage. The highest levels, such as evaluate and create, promote advanced thinking and critical analysis.
Get a fresh set of Bloom’s Taxonomy questions to apply in any course. Download 100+ Bloom’s Taxonomy question stems now—these ideas help educators implement Bloom’s Taxonomy effectively in their teaching. The Bloom’s Taxonomy chart is a valuable tool that associates each level with specific verbs, learning outcomes and question stems.
Table of contents
- Introduction to Bloom’s Taxonomy
- Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy
- Bloom’s Taxonomy for adjunct professors
- Applying Bloom’s Taxonomy in education
- Implementing Bloom’s Taxonomy in the classroom
- Examples of Bloom’s Taxonomy question stems
- Additional Bloom’s Taxonomy example questions
- Bloom’s Taxonomy higher-order thinking questions for college classrooms
- Frequently asked questions
The original Bloom’s Taxonomy framework consists of six Bloom’s levels that build off of each other as the learning experience progresses. It was developed in 1956 by Benjamin Bloom, an American educational psychologist. Below are descriptions of Bloom’s levels:
- Knowledge: Identification and recall of course concepts learned
- Comprehension: Ability to grasp the meaning of the material
- Application: Demonstrating a grasp of the material at this level by solving problems and creating projects
- Analysis: Finding patterns and trends in the course material
- Synthesis: The combining of ideas or concepts to form a working theory
- Evaluation: Making judgments based on the information students have learned as well as their own insights
Introduction to Bloom’s Taxonomy
Bloom’s Taxonomy is a foundational framework in education, designed to help educators organize learning objectives and promote higher order thinking skills in the classroom. By categorizing cognitive skills into different levels of complexity, Bloom’s Taxonomy guides teachers in moving students from basic recall of facts to advanced critical thinking, analysis and creation of new ideas. The revised Bloom’s Taxonomy, introduced in 2001, places a strong emphasis on action-oriented verbs, making it easier for educators to design lessons and assessments that encourage students to actively engage with content and demonstrate their understanding in their own words.
The taxonomy is structured around six progressive levels: Remembering, Understanding, Applying, Analyzing, Evaluating and Creating. Each level builds upon the previous one, challenging students to deepen their comprehension and develop higher order thinking skills as they progress. For example, at the Remembering stage, students might be asked to recall key facts or definitions, while at the Creating stage, they are encouraged to generate new solutions, develop original ideas, or design innovative projects.
To encourage students to think critically and move beyond surface-level learning, educators can use Bloom’s Taxonomy question stems tailored to each cognitive level. Prompts such as “What is the main idea of this concept?,” “How does this relate to what you’ve learned before?,” or “What evidence supports your answer?” help students analyze, evaluate and synthesize information. These question stems not only support comprehension and analysis but also foster the development of well-supported opinions and creative solutions.
Incorporating Bloom’s Taxonomy into lesson planning and classroom activities transforms the learning environment. Educators can design assessments and discussions that require students to justify their answers, compare and contrast ideas, and apply concepts to new situations. This approach supports students in developing a deeper understanding of the subject matter, encourages them to make connections between different concepts and helps them build the critical thinking skills necessary for success in higher education and beyond.
Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy
A group of educational researchers and cognitive psychologists developed the new and revised Bloom’s Taxonomy framework in 2001 to be more action-oriented. This way, students work their way through a series of verbs to meet learning objectives. Below are descriptions and definitions of each of the levels in revised Bloom’s Taxonomy, highlighting the purpose of each cognitive process:
- Remember: To bring an awareness of the concept to learners’ minds by recalling facts and basic information.
- Understand: To summarize or restate the information in a particular way, including interpreting information to demonstrate comprehension.
- Apply: The ability to use learned material in new and concrete situations.
- Analyze: Understanding the underlying structure of knowledge to be able to distinguish between fact and opinion, organizing and comparing information to identify differences and similarities.
- Evaluate: Making judgments about the value and importance of ideas, theories, items and materials, assessing evidence and making a point or justifying a viewpoint by comparing concepts or viewpoints.
- Create: Reorganizing concepts into new structures or patterns through generating, producing or planning, compiling information from various sources to generate new ideas or solutions and proposing an alternative solution or design.
Each level in the Bloom’s Taxonomy chart below is associated with its own verbs, outcomes, and question stems that help you plan effective instruction and assessment.
| Level | Description | Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy Verbs |
|---|---|---|
| Remember | Recall facts and basic concepts | Define, List, Identify |
| Understand | Explain ideas or concepts, interpret and summarize information | Summarize, Describe, Classify |
| Apply | Use information in new situations | Demonstrate, Implement, Solve |
| Analyze | Break down information into parts, organize and compare to distinguish fact from opinion | Compare, Organize, Differentiate |
| Evaluate | Justify a decision or viewpoint, assess importance, and make a point by comparing concepts | Judge, Defend, Critique |
| Create | Produce original work or ideas by compiling information and proposing alternative solutions | Design, Construct, Develop |
Bloom’s Taxonomy for adjunct professors
Free Download: Bloom’s Taxonomy Question Stems and Examples
Bloom’s Taxonomy questions are a great way to build and design curriculum and lesson plans. They encourage the development of higher-order thinking and prompt students to engage in metacognition by thinking and reflecting on their own learning. The question stems are organized by cognitive level, making it easy to select prompts that elicit a range of answers demonstrating comprehension, analysis, and creativity. These stems help students formulate well-supported answers, whether recalling facts or providing the best answer to higher-order questions. In addition, various supports such as guides and resources are available to adjunct professors to facilitate the effective use of Bloom’s Taxonomy in the classroom. In our resource, Bloom’s Taxonomy Question Stems for College Courses, you can access more than 100 examples of Bloom’s Taxonomy prompts and higher-order thinking question examples at all different levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy.
Applying Bloom’s Taxonomy in education
Bloom’s Taxonomy is a powerful tool for educators aiming to foster higher order thinking skills and critical thinking in their students. By applying Bloom’s Taxonomy in education, teachers can move beyond simple recall and comprehension, guiding students to analyze, evaluate and create. The revised Bloom’s Taxonomy, with its action-oriented verbs like “describe,” “evaluate,” and “create,” helps clarify learning objectives and sets clear expectations for student progress.
Using Bloom’s Taxonomy question stems, such as “What is the main idea of…?” or “How does this concept relate to…?,” educators can encourage students to develop deeper comprehension and analytical skills. These question stems support students in moving from basic knowledge to more complex thinking, such as evaluating evidence or generating new ideas. By integrating these strategies into lessons, teachers can help students not only recall information but also apply, analyze and synthesize concepts, ultimately supporting the development of higher-order thinking.
Incorporating Bloom’s Taxonomy into teaching practices creates a more engaging and effective learning environment. It encourages students to think critically, make connections and express their understanding in their own words. As students progress through the different levels of the taxonomy, they build the skills necessary for creation and innovation, preparing them for success in higher education and beyond.
Implementing Bloom’s Taxonomy in the classroom
Implementing Bloom’s Taxonomy in the classroom starts with intentional lesson planning and a focus on clear learning objectives. Teachers can use Bloom’s Taxonomy question stems to design activities and assessments that target specific cognitive levels, ensuring that students are challenged to think critically and engage with the subject matter in meaningful ways. For example, prompts like “What are the pros and cons of…?” or “How can you apply this concept to a real-world scenario?” encourage students to analyze, evaluate and justify their ideas.
To support higher-order thinking, educators can create opportunities for students to develop and defend their own opinions, solve complex problems and create original work. Incorporating technology and interactive resources can further enhance engagement and support diverse learning styles. By providing a free resource, such as a comprehensive guide to Bloom’s Taxonomy question stems, teachers can collaborate and share best practices, making it easier for colleagues to implement the taxonomy in their own classrooms.
Effective implementation of Bloom’s Taxonomy leads to more dynamic lessons, improved student outcomes and a deeper understanding of the subject. By using the taxonomy as a framework for planning, assessment and classroom activities, educators can support students in developing the higher-order thinking skills necessary for academic and real-world success.
Examples of Bloom’s Taxonomy question stems
- Knowledge: How many…? Who was it that…? Can you name the…? These stems prompt students to provide thoughtful answers that demonstrate recall and understanding.
- Comprehension: Can you write in your own words…? Can you write a brief outline…? What do you think could have happened next…?
- Application: Choose the best statements that apply… Judge the effects of… What would result …?
- Analysis: Which events could have happened…? If … happened, how might the ending have been different? How was this similar to…? How does comparing these two events help you understand their significance?
- Synthesis: Can you design a … to achieve …? Write a poem, song or creative presentation about…? Can you see a possible solution to…? Can you propose an alternative solution to this problem? Can you compile information from different sources to support your idea?
- Evaluation: What criteria would you use to assess…? What data was used to evaluate…? How could you verify…? What point is the author trying to make, and do you agree with it?
Support Bloom’s Taxonomy higher-order thinking in your classroom. Get 100+ Bloom’s Taxonomy question stems in our interactive resource.
Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy question stems
- Remember: Who…? What…? Where…? How…? These stems are designed to elicit a range of answers that demonstrate comprehension and higher-order thinking.
- Understand: How would you generalize…? How would you express…? What information can you infer from…? How would you interpret the meaning of this passage?
- Apply: How would you demonstrate…? How would you present…? Draw a story map…
- Analyze: How can you sort the different parts…? What can you infer about…? What ideas validate…? How would you categorize…? How does interpreting the data help you draw conclusions? How does organizing the information help you see patterns?
- Evaluate: What criteria would you use to assess…? What sources could you use to verify…? What information would you use to prioritize…? What are the possible outcomes for…?
- Create: What would happen if…? List the ways you can…? Can you brainstorm a better solution for…? What elements would you combine to develop a new approach?
Additional Bloom’s Taxonomy example questions
Bloom’s Taxonomy serves as a framework for categorizing levels of cognitive learning. These example questions are designed to elicit a range of answers that demonstrate different cognitive skills, from recalling facts to evaluating the importance of ideas and creating new solutions. Here are 10 Bloom’s Taxonomy example questions, each corresponding to one of the six levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy, starting from the lowest level (Remember) to the highest level (Create):
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- Remember (Knowledge): What are the four primary states of matter? Can you list the main events of the American Civil War? What are the three branches of government? What is the definition of a democracy?
- Understand (Comprehension): How would you explain the concept of supply and demand to someone who is new to economics? Can you summarize the main idea of the research article you just read? Can you explain the concept of opportunity cost in your own words?
- Apply (Application): Given a real-world scenario, how would you use the Pythagorean theorem to solve a practical problem? Can you demonstrate how to conduct a chemical titration in a laboratory setting? How would you apply Newton’s laws in a real-life scenario?
- Analyze (Analysis): What are the key factors contributing to the decline of a particular species in an ecosystem? How do the social and economic factors influence voting patterns in a specific region? What patterns can you identify in the data set?
- Evaluate (Evaluation): Compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of two different programming languages for a specific project. Assess the effectiveness of a marketing campaign, providing recommendations for improvement. Which historical source is more reliable and why? What is the importance of using primary sources in historical research?
- Create (Synthesis): Design a new and innovative product that addresses a common problem in society. Develop a comprehensive lesson plan that incorporates various teaching methods to enhance student engagement in a particular subject. Design an app that solves a problem for college students.
These types of questions can be integrated into educational programs to enhance learning and help students develop higher-order thinking skills by providing clear definitions, encouraging thoughtful answers and prompting evaluation of the importance of concepts.
Download Now: Bloom’s Taxonomy Question Stems and Examples
Bloom’s Taxonomy higher-order thinking questions for college classrooms
Higher-order thinking questions are designed to encourage critical thinking, analysis and synthesis of information—eliciting thoughtful answers that demonstrate higher-order thinking skills. Here are examples of Bloom’s Taxonomy higher-order thinking questions that can be used in higher education:
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- Critical Analysis (Analysis): “What are the ethical implications of the decision made by the characters in the novel, and how do they reflect broader societal values?”
- Problem-Solving (Application): “Given the current environmental challenges, how can we develop sustainable energy solutions that balance economic and ecological concerns?”
- Evaluation of Evidence (Evaluation): “Based on the data presented in this research paper, do you think the study’s conclusions are valid? Why or why not?”
- Comparative Analysis (Analysis): “Compare and contrast the economic policies of two different countries and their impact on income inequality.”
- Hypothetical Scenario (Synthesis): “Imagine you are the CEO of a multinational corporation. How would you navigate the challenges of globalization and cultural diversity in your company’s workforce?”
- Ethical Dilemma (Evaluation): “In a medical emergency with limited resources, how should healthcare professionals prioritize patients, and what ethical principles should guide their decisions?”
- Interdisciplinary Connection (Synthesis): “How can principles from psychology and sociology be integrated to address the mental health needs of a diverse student population in higher education institutions?”
- Creative Problem-Solving (Synthesis): “Propose a novel solution to reduce urban congestion while promoting eco-friendly transportation options. What are the potential benefits and challenges of your solution?”
- Alternative Solutions (Synthesis): “Can you propose an alternative approach to solving the issue discussed in class? What makes your alternative effective or innovative?”
- Compiling Evidence (Analysis): “Compile information from at least three different sources to support your argument on this topic. How does compiling these perspectives strengthen your position?”
- Identifying Elements (Analysis): “What are the key elements of this theory or concept, and how do they interact to form the overall framework?”
- Organizing Information (Application): “How would you go about organizing the information from this chapter to improve your understanding and retention?”
- Comparing Viewpoints (Analysis): “When comparing these two theories, what are the main similarities and differences, and how do they affect your interpretation of the subject?”
- Interpreting Data (Analysis): “Interpret the data presented in this chart. What trends or patterns do you notice, and what might they indicate?”
- Evaluating Importance (Evaluation): “What is the importance of this idea or action in the context of the overall argument? How does it influence your perspective?”
- Identifying the Main Point (Analysis): “What is the main point of the author’s argument, and how effectively is it supported by evidence?”
- Applying Bloom’s Taxonomy in Programs (Application): “How can Bloom’s Taxonomy be applied within educational programs to enhance student engagement and learning outcomes? Provide specific examples from existing programs.”
You can use these questions to spark meaningful class discussions, guide research projects, or support student-led investigations, making your lessons interactive and engaging.
Frequently asked questions
Q: What are Bloom’s Taxonomy question stems?
A: Bloom’s Taxonomy question stems are short question prompts designed to help you align classroom learning activities with the various levels of learning, from remembering and understanding to applying, analyzing, evaluating and creating. These stems are organized to elicit a range of answers from students, encouraging responses that demonstrate comprehension, analysis and creativity.
Q: How are Bloom’s Taxonomy verbs used?
A: Verbs like “describe,” “design” and “evaluate” clarify learning goals and help students understand what’s expected of them at each stage.
Q: What is Bloom’s Taxonomy?
A: Bloom’s Taxonomy is a framework for categorizing educational goals. Its definition is a hierarchical model that classifies thinking according to six cognitive levels, from simple recall to complex creation.
Q: What resources are available for using Bloom’s Taxonomy in the classroom?
A: There are many supports available to teachers, such as posters, task cards and reference sheets, which provide organized question stems and guides for implementing Bloom’s Taxonomy.
Q: Why are the six levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy important?
A: They provide a scaffold for helping students move from basic recall to complex analysis and creation—supporting critical thinking and deep learning. The taxonomy is organized to facilitate a clear learning progression from lower-order to higher-order thinking skills.
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